bac giang - viet nam

Natural resources

1. Land Resources

Map of major soil groups in Bac Giang province

The province has 382,200 hectares of land in Bac Giang nature, including 123,000 hectares of farmland, 110,000 hectares of forest land, 66,500 hectares of urban land, specialized land and 82 700 hectares of land in and around different types of soil. Land resources are divided into 06 main groups:

- Group barren soil: Area approximately 241 358 ha (accounting for 63.13%) is the major soil groups, have reddish-brown, red-brown, yellow-red, depending on the sample material, the weathering process and the process of organic accumulation.

- Alluvial soil: Area approximately 50 246 hectares (13.14%) is mainly distributed along the river, nutrient content.

- Soils Group: Area approximately 42 897 ha (accounting for 11.22%) concentrated in the districts of Vietnam Yen, Tan Yen and Hiep Hoa, low nutrient content, to a porous, well-drained.

- Soil erosion: an area of about 18 809 hectares (4.92%) is characterized by thin soil, low fertility, difficult for agricultural production.

- Group land due to the steep valleys converge: an area of about 6546 hectares (1.71%), distributed mainly in the small valley between the mountains. Formed from leaching and deposition of soil types should usually quite fertile.

- Group loam mountain red gold: Area 1,008 ha (0.27%), distributed in the high mountains and borders on Yen Tu mountain province of Thai Nguyen.

2. Water Resources

Bac Giang has many lakes have large water reserves and the beautiful landscape

Bac Giang province has three rivers running through the river and Trade, Cau and Luc Nam with a total length of 347 km, heavy traffic and have water all year round. There is also a system of ponds, lakes, groundwater have sizable reserves. The amount of surface water, rainwater, groundwater afford water supply for economic sectors and activities.

- Song Cau: flows through the territory of Bac Giang has a length of 101 km, flows of 4.2 billion m3 / year.Irrigation system on river water for their service Cau districts: Tan Yen, Vietnam Yen and Hiep Hoa, Bac Giang city part.

- Luc Nam River: flows through Bac Giang Province has a length of about 150 km, flows around 1.86 billion m3 / year. On Luc Nam River system 170 works mainly dams to serve water for the districts of Son Dong, Luc Ngan, Luc Nam.

- River Trade: 87 km in length, flow 1.46 billion m3 / year. Trade has built on river irrigation system watering Cau Son serves Lang Giang district, part of the district: Luc Nam, Yen Dung and Bac Giang city.

- Ho, beating Bac Giang has 70 large reservoirs with a total area of 5,000 ha, some lake water area and sizable reserves including Cam Son Lake (307 million m3), Suoi Nua (6, 27 million m3); Lake Apartment (1,151 million m3) ...

- Underground water sources: groundwater in Bac Giang amount estimated at 0.13 billion m3 / year, groundwater quality is quite good, used in daily life and irrigation in agriculture. However, groundwater is distributed unevenly concentrated in the midlands region as Lang Giang district, Tan Yen and Hiep Hoa, Vietnam Yen, Yen Dung.

3. Forest resources

The area of forest land in Bac Giang province, about 146,435.4 ha, including 14,093.3 ha of special-use forests; 18879.9 hectares of protection forest; 113,462.2 hectares of production forests. Forests in Bac Giang have an important role in the prevention of erosion and runoff, preventing flooding, flash flood and watershed protection, protection of downstream areas north plain.

orest resources of Bac Giang province has rich forest flora (Artwork)

Forest resources of Bac Giang province has rich forest flora with 276 species of trees; 452 species of medicinal plants and valuable economic wealth and enormous medical value such as surface ships, cheesy, rags, sealant, po mu, mahogany, ironwood blue, teak, Morinda (activation code), Reishi, cinnamon, ... Besides being diverse forest fauna is precious genes serve scientific research and medicine for many rare species mainly concentrated in Tay Yen Tu NR: cu ly large, black langur , pangolins, wolf, bear, clouded leopard, leopard, deer, wild boar, chamois, large flying squirrel, flying squirrel black and white, pig-tailed macaque, golden monkeys, turtles ....

4. Mineral resources

Bac Giang province have been investigated and found that a number of mines and mineral deposits of 15 minerals including:

Mineral fuels (coal): Distributed primarily in the Son Dong district, Luc Nam, Yen The, Luc Ngan.

Metallic Minerals: There are iron ore (Yen) copper ore (Luc Ngan Son Dong), lead and zinc (Yen, Lang Giang, Son Dong), gold (Yen, Luc Ngan), mercury (Luc Nam ).

Industrial Minerals: There barite (Tan Yen and Hiep Hoa, Yen), kaolin (Yen Dung), peat (Vietnam Luc Yen Nam), feldspar (Hiep Hoa).

Mineral building materials: including clay, brick, tile, sand, pebbles, gravel, building stone, clay pottery, refractory clay, ... are distributed evenly over the districts to facilitate the exploitation and processing turn serve industrial construction, civil, traffic.

Residential

According to 2014 statistics, the population of Bac Giang province has over 1.6 million people. The population density was 420.9 people per capita / km2, higher than the average population density of the country. Density of population distribution is uneven, concentrated mainly in the midlands area (city of Bac Giang, Hoa Hiep, Vietnam Yen, Lang Giang and Tan Yen, Yen Dung); mountain regions (Son Dong, Luc Ngan, Yen, Luc Nam) distributed sparsely populated.

The population living in urban areas is about 183 918 people, representing about 10.13% of the population, the population in rural areas is 1,440,538, accounting for 90.38%. Number of people in the working age population accounted for 62.15%, while workers with vocational training accounting for 26%; accounting for 8.88% of poor households. The labor structure in the province is a shift towards increasing the proportion of workers in the field of industrial production, service, reduce the proportion of labor in the field of agriculture - forestry - fishery, fit with huongcong cents industrialization and modernization in the province.

Ethnic

Bac Giang province is inhabited by 21 ethnic groups, including the Kinh people account for 87.6%, the ethnic minorities accounted for 12.4% including the Nung, Tay, San Diu, United, San Chi, Cao Lan, Dao and some other minorities. Ethnic minorities concentrated mainly in six mountainous districts of Son Dong high, Luc Ngan, Luc Nam, Yen, Lang Giang and Tan Yen.

Due to the terrain, the climate and favorable soil, Bac Giang land where ancient settlements of many nations.Densely populated villages that form, with characteristics of routines, rituals, customs, production practices, ... thereby creating the traditional culture of each ethnic group and of Bac Giang province.

Polite

As the student population living long, Bac Giang history associated with the history of the nation. Over thousands of years of history of national construction and defense, Bac Giang acting as hedge grill north of the ancient Thang Long capital and the capital Hanoi today.

Weather Hung Kings, Bac Giang Vu Ninh's ministry of Van Lang; reign Dinh (968-980), Tien Le (980-1009) Long Bien district, the Ly - Tran Bac Giang attached Highway, Post Le of surplus declared Beijing, later renamed Beijing district, Bac Ninh town. Under the reign of King Minh Mang (2nd year, 1821), under the Minister Thien Phuc, Bac Giang, in 1831, renamed in Bac Ninh province. On 10/10/1895, Governor General of Indochina signed Decree established Bac Giang province on the basis of two government Da Phuc, Lang Giang detached from Bac Ninh province. On 10/27/1962, Bac Giang, Bac Ninh province merged into Hebei province. On 11.06.1996, at the 10th session of the National Assembly has approved splitting IX Hebei province, re-established the two provinces of Bac Ninh and Bac Giang. The administrative apparatus of Bac Giang province was officially put into operation on 01/01/1997 far.

Cultural

Located in the cultural cradle Beijing was formed and developed over the centuries, Bac Giang province is culturally rich, diverse expressed through the customs and habits of ethnic communities, the ruins history, folk festivals and traditional villages.

On the province now has over 2,200 historical monuments (temples, pagodas, cultural sites, ...), including 635 relics have been ranked, 42 relics Rated national level restoration and embellishment. The ruins varied in type, characteristic of the architecture as Lu Hanh Dinh (Dong Lu - Hiep Hoa), built in 1576; family Tho Ha (Van Ha - Vietnam Yen) built in 1686; Phu Lao Family (Digging America - Lang Giang) build the seventeenth century;Home Sublime, Garden Home, Home Huh (Tan Yen); Vinh Nghiem Pagoda (Tri Yen - Yen Dung); Additional Da Pagoda (Vietnam Yen); they Horse Tomb, Tomb Dinh Huong (Hiep Hoa) ... Although over time, many works were not intact but still showing the cachet of construction techniques and the art of painting, masterpiece sculpture of Bac Giang.

Bac Giang province also treasures unique folklore as myths, fairy tales, legends, anecdotes, jokes, folk games, sing military drum, sing quan, rowing, ca tru singing sli, casserole wear ... Some villages now remain routines folk songs in communities like Tan Dinh Tuong village (Lang Giang); rowing Tongguan village (Dong Son - Yen Dung); Then village (Thai Training - Lang Giang), the villages of them in Vietnam Yen district ... Many traditional village preserved traits such as Tho Ha pottery village; Do Van Ha village (Vietnam Yen); vermicelli village Da Mai (city Bac Giang); Phuc Long rattan village, Phuc Tang (Tang Tien - Vietnam Yen); wrought iron Duc Thang village (Hiep Hoa); Quan Tho Ha village (Van Ha - Vietnam Yen).

The traditional festival of community conserved village is working to create community cohesion, education and the cultural traditions, history. Annually, the province of Bac Giang took place more than 500 traditional festivals including some typical festival in Bac Giang as: festivals Yen; Xuong Giang festival; Suoi Mo festival;Tho Ha festival; La Pagoda Festival (Vinh Nghiem) ...

With the unique culture, ancient, Bac Giang province boasts 03 heritage has been recognized by UNESCO as world cultural heritage and folk quan, ca tru, woodblock Vinh Nghiem Pagoda Buddhist scriptures.

Introduction of Bac Giang province

Administrative Map of Bac Giang province (source: bacgiang.gov.vn)

Bac Giang is a mountainous province located in the Northeast region has an area of 3827.4 km2. Bac Giang province now has 09 districts and 01 cities, including 06 districts and 01 districts mountainous uplands, 230 communes, wards and towns (207 communes, wards 7, and 16 townships).

1. Geographical location

Bac Giang is located 07 minutes from 21 degrees to 21 degrees 37 minutes north latitude; from 105 degrees to 107 degrees 53 minutes 02 minutes east longitude, north and northeastern border province of Lang Son (Organic Valley), to the west the Thai Nguyen (Dong Hy), the southwest on the capital Hanoi (Soc Son ), south of Bac Ninh (Bridge River) and Hai Duong (Chi Ling), east by Quang Ninh province (North East). In place of transition from central mountainous north to the Red River Delta, north of the capital, Hanoi Giang 50 km, Friendship Pass (Lang Son) 110 km, over 100 km from Hai Phong port , Noi Bai international airport, 40 km, is situated on economic corridor Lang Son - Hanoi - Haiphong - Quang Ninh, regional Hanoi Capital Region.

2. Topography

Topography Bac Giang mainly mountains (representing 72% of total area) and midland plains interspersed (representing 28% of total area). Elevation and average slope descending from the north to the south (from approximately 500 m to about 100 m above sea level and from about 20 degrees to near 0 degrees).

Mountainous terrain mainly concentrated in the Son Dong district, Luc Ngan, Luc Nam, Yen The, is characterized by fragmented, big difference in altitude. Low hills advantage fruit trees, crops like litchis, oranges, grapefruit, na, soybeans, tea ...; breeding of cattle and poultry.

Topography midland plains interspersed concentrated in Tan Yen District, Hiep Hoa, Vietnam Yen, Yen Dung, Lang Giang and Bac Giang city. The area is suitable for cultivation of food crops, food, fruits, industrial crops, livestock and domestic animals, poultry and aquaculture.

3. Climate

Located in the tropical monsoon area, Bac Giang province's climate is characterized overall Northeast region, a year with 4 seasons: dry winter, cold from November last year to January next year; hot summer and rainy from May to July; warm spring, wet from February to April; temperate fall from July to November.

The average humidity is 83% in the year, some months of the year with average humidity of 85%. The dry season the air humidity ranges between 74% - 80%. The average rainfall is about 1,533 mm annual rainfall during these months many from April to June 9. The annual average sunshine hours from 1500-1700 hours, favorable for cultivation and development of tropical crops subtropical.